Carprofen (CAS No: 53716-49-7) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is primarily prescribed for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis, surgery, and musculoskeletal disorders in dogs. Carprofen works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are chemicals in the body that promote inflammation, pain, and fever.

Carprofen is typically available in oral tablet form and injectable solution for veterinary use. It is widely used to manage chronic pain associated with arthritis and is also effective after surgical procedures to provide post-operative pain relief.

Mechanism of Action:
Carprofen is classified as a COX-2 selective inhibitor and works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), specifically the COX-2 isoenzyme, which plays a major role in the production of prostaglandins that cause pain and inflammation. By blocking COX-2, Carprofen reduces the production of these pro-inflammatory molecules, helping to alleviate symptoms of pain, swelling, and inflammation.

Unlike some NSAIDs, Carprofen has a selective action on COX-2, reducing the risk of gastrointestinal side effects commonly seen with non-selective NSAIDs that also inhibit COX-1, which plays a protective role in the stomach lining.